Flood In Jakarta
When Bad Thing Happen,We must be part of the solution.When Flood In Jakarta Happen,We Must be part of the solution. Jakarta is located in the lower mainland are particularly vulnerable to the threat of flooding. In fact, at the time of the colonial Government of Netherlands, floods have struck up a few times. However, the chronology is not bad as it is today.
Based on the note, the floods in Jakarta first happened in 1621. Alternating two years after the events of the conquest of Jayakarta Batavia Stad and formation as a center of administration of the VOC in the Netherlands East Indies. This condition is quite ironic. Because, at the time of the Batavian Government recently completed the construction of several channels that break up the flow of the area with the intention of protecting the Batavia from the threat of flooding. In addition as a means of transportation and producing clean water following a masterplan Netherlands large cities.
One of the worst floods ever to occur in Batavia is flooding in February 1918. At that time most of the Batavia inundated.Data desertasi belonging to Restu Gunawan sourced from Daily Sin Po throughout the month of February 1918 enough details about these events.
Due to the rain that lasted continuously throughout the months of January and February 1918 parts of Batavia in the flooded lowland began. February 4, 1918, the villages in the region of Weltevreden began to stagnate until the current refugee population to lead to areas of higher altitude.
February 14, 1918, catastrophic floods which occurred since at 9.30 am evening continues to widen. The flooding resulted in some damage to the roads in the area settlements. Gang Pacebokan (around Kampung Krukut, West Jakarta) has turned into a quagmire of mud. Whereas in Cikini, flooding has reached the Cikini Hospital (located in JL. Raden Saleh).
February 16, 1918, the flood came. Daily Sin Po writes, hour 11.00 noon, rumored water already rising higher than yesterday. From the bridge of the Santi heading to Jakarta in front of a large church, the person must be through water. While in front of the Factory Oil Jakarta, electric tram tracks lifted from the ground due to the bantalannya of floating logs. Electric bridge in Sahari Mountain from a far are also starting to look crooked.
The mountain Sahari region is almost entirely submerged, except a little in front of the aisle Kemayoran. To reach the Senen, one must swim to the Kalilio (this path still exists today and is located beside the Senen terminal). The water looks up at Kalilio as high as 50 cm. Office building Marine became a refuge from the indigenous Gang Chambon. Gambir Village, East of submerged a bit, has been submerged since Pejambon some day.
Meanwhile, in the western part of Batavia, flooding due to Leaked dam Grogol. Some villages such as Kampung Suteng, kampung Tambora, Kampung Klenteng Kapuran, turned into a Shrine. The only of transport that can be used are the sampan and small boats.
A similar condition occurring in the region Pesayuran Village and Kebon Jeruk. The boat can even walk on the alleys normally used as a horse-drawn carriage.The end of February 1918, floods began to recede. Batavia gradually back to normal state. Learn from the experiences of colonial rule began to perform various management system of flood control. In addition to building some new infrastructure, project Building Dam Grogol, and the Watergates Manggarai equipped with Flood Channel Canal passed back.
the cause of the flood were as follows:
· Precipitation of rainfall
during flood in jakarta on 18 January 2002, caused by daily precipitation amounting to 105 mm/day, then flooding the second on 30 January 2002 caused rainfall amounting to 143 mm/day. When rainfall is above 50 mm/day should look out for. Genesis flood in Jakarta and its environs on February 3, 2007 high observation data based on advance water and debit the ciliwung River in dam observation post figures showed 250 cm katulampa, when in the face of the excessive number of high water 100 cm are to be idle. Rainfall reached 172 mm/day (already surpasses 2002 jakarta floods). With the length of the rain that started early January 2007 caused the soil became saturated with water, so that when it rains some rain water is a surface flow (run off). Also at the same time the sea on the northern coast of Jakarta up.
· WATERSHED Characteristics
Watersheds (DAS), causing floods in jakarta is DAS Ciliwung-Cisadane. Characterisitics of DAS include the shape and slope of the slopes. Characteristics of DAS Ciliwung-Cisadane has the form of upper and middle area with steep kelerengan. While the central area until very flat and broad lower reaches. This form of DAS so rain fall then the rain water from the upper regions flows straight down to the time of concentration brief.
· Drainage Channels
drainage channels have a very important role as a way for water to get to the sea that is the ultimate goal of running water. The Volume of the ciliwung River drainage area in particular downstream there here having depreciation caused by the size of the width is reduced, the deposition and still growing signs of public dump in the River.
· Land Use Change
Viewed in terms of rainfall area of the WATERSHED can be distinguished into 2 IE area that serves as the resapan and the region that serves as the setting of drainage, serves the area would be so whether or not related to land use. A very striking change of land use in the Catchment Area in particular DAS Ciliwung – Cisadane is increasingly residential developments (particularly the central area of the WATERSHED) catchment area of upper and middle area since the early resapan, functions as a regional berupah be watertight area used for various purposes (of which settlements), in addition there-there is, based on the data BPDAS Area amounted to 199-Citarum River, which served the rest have not lived 31 serves as a reservoir of water.
The Solution Flood In Jakarta :
· Drainage capacity
Channel capacity inadequate drainage caused the flow of the River to overflow and inundate surrounding areas. One way to reduce the occurrence of flood levels increasing channel capacity is 450,000 by efforts to prohibit building in riverbanks and widen and launch the channel drainage.
· The making of retaining and maintaining there dam
One of the ways to inhibit their running surface water is making the dam retaining water or embung especially in the area of upper and also improve the function of the Lake as well as building new experiences there.
· Manufacture Of The Well
Especially for areas with settlement in the area of upper and middle DAS Ciliwung applied strict regulations also about the obligation of making the well resapan. Manufacture of the well reasapan in principle is changing the surface flow (run off) to flow beneath the surface (sub surface flow).
· Catchment Area Rehabilitation
Rehabilitation of the water catchment area by way of the land that was vegetative critical reforestation activities can be done in the area of forests and forest peoples in the development of land-land property and other activities such as the greening of the environment, forest city, agroforestry, grass barier etc. Although in the first year, the effort has not been planting his contribution of tackling perceived dpat flooding. However after the crop was 5 years of age can be felt the benefits.
· Increased law enforcement efforts and regulations related to the environment in particular floods, for example:
1. Banning construction at riverbanks
2. River landfill Regulation
3. the obligation of making a well resapan on the surface of
4. spatial Applicability set tighter restrictions on
5. strictly land use change of planting on the grounds of Liability
6. guntai HGU and internally displaced persons.
